Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India, with a large pool of skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled labour. Alternately, its population is also looked upon as the largest consumer base in the country with around 200 million people. It is the largest producer of food grains among all states in India and accounted for about 17.83% share in the country’s total food grain output in 2016-17. Food grain production in the state was 51,252.7 thousand tonnes in 2017-18.
The high livestock population in the state makes it one of the leading producers of leather products. The state is a leader in the production of multiple food and horticulture crops such as wheat, potato, mango etc. Uttar Pradesh is also the third largest producer of thermal power and second largest producer of hydel power in India. The state’s resources, policy incentives, infrastructure and climate are best suited for investments in diverse sectors such as Information Technology (IT), agro-based and food processing, light engineering goods, sports goods, textiles, leather-based, tourism and biotechnology. With an economy undergoing industrialisation, Uttar Pradesh is a major attracter for FDI’s. Merchandise exports from Uttar Pradesh reached US$ 16.29 billion in 2018-19 and US$ 8.43 billion in April-September 2019.
The state has attracted Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) equity inflows worth US$ 698 million during the period April 2000 to June 2019, according to data released by the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT).
The capital city Lucknow, also the biotech capital of the state, has around 3,000 highly qualified scientists working in drug research labs in the city. The state aims to bridge the gap between potential and actual yields with the help of biotechnology.
In 2016-2017, car and two wheeler sales in the state reached 2.6 mn units and 21.1 mn units respectively. The state is home to large pool of suppliers, mainly located in Noida and Ghaziabad. The automobile industries in Uttar Pradesh have also benefited out of the 165 km long newly constructed Yamuna Expressway Industrial Development Authority (YEIDA) which ensures planned development of areas along the route.
Uttar Pradesh is the largest producer of food grains in India and accounted for about 18% of the country’s total food grain output in 2015-16. A leader in the production of wheat and sugarcane, the state has a total of 9 agro-climatic zones. It produced 134 mn tonnes of sugar in 2015-16 and accounts for 21% of the country's total milk production.
UP Electronics Corporation Limited has been established to promote and develop the IT and electronics industries in the state. De-Core Science and Technologies, a manufacturer of nano-opto-electronic devices, has plans to produce LEDs from India's first advanced semiconductor lab (Alingan facility) at Noida Special Economic Zone. The state is the fourth largest exporter of software; exporting services worth $4 bn in 2014-15.
The state accounts for nearly 6% of the total chemicals produced in India. Abundant availability of raw materials for production of fertilisers in Bundelkhand is an incentive for chemical companies to set up their plants. A refinery of Indian Oil Corporation is situated in Mathura, with a capacity of 8 million metric tonnes per annum (MMTPA).
Uttar Pradesh has 12 large cement plants with an installed capacity of 7.2 mn tonnes and ranks 9th in the production of cement in India. Production of limestone in the state stood at 3 mn tonnes in 2014-15
Uttar Pradesh is one of the most favoured state in tourism as the Taj Mahal, one of the Seven Wonders of the World, is located in Agra. Other prominent tourist and historical destinations are Varanasi, Piprahwa, Kaushambi, Shravasti, Kushi Nagar, Agra, Lucknow, Chitrakoot, Jhansi, Allahabad, Vrindavan and Meerut. The state was ranked 2nd and 3rd in terms of domestic and foreign tourist arrival, respectively, in 2017.
Uttar Pradesh is the 2nd largest producer of leather goods and contributes about 25% in total production of leather and leather products in India. Kanpur and Agra are major leather and shoe manufacturing hubs in India. The state is the largest exporter of saddlery goods in India.
Andhra Pradesh, the 10th most populated state in India, is home to about 4.1% of the country's total population. The state's population of 49.4 mn is equivalent to the population of Spain.
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